You can use about any laptop with Linux. I would say take a current laptop and boot into a distro using a live usb. This will let you try it without installing it. You do occasionally run into issues with some hardware: fingerprint, wifi, trackpad, etc. So this is a good test.

But otherwise if you want a laptop that guarantees Linux support: Framework, System76, Tuxedo

An old Thinkpad is what most people recommend for Linux. Another good option is a Framework laptop, which is what I personally use and highly recommend! Another good option is any laptop from System76. Their systems come pre loaded with Linux, I think specifically PopOS, but don’t quote me on that part specifically. As for which distro to choose, there isn’t a “best” option for beginners per say. Those three distros you just mentioned would all serve you well as a beginner. If you want the best recommendation for all of your needs/concerns, I would recommend taking the quiz on distrochooser.de, but whichever beginner option you choose should serve you well. Hope this helps!